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When a grid is added to a radiographic setup, it typically requires an increase in the milliampere-seconds (mAs) in order to maintain image quality and compensate for the attenuation of scattered radiation. The 12:1 grid ratio indicates that there is a more efficient removal of scatter compared to a lower ratio grid, but it also means that more exposure is needed to achieve optimal image density.

To determine the new required mAs after the implementation of a 12:1 grid, one must understand the conversion factors associated with grids. When transitioning from a non-grid setup to a 12:1 grid, a common practice is to multiply the existing mAs by a conversion factor. For a 12:1 grid, this conversion factor is typically around 4-5 times the original mAs; however, the specific multiplier can vary depending on several factors including the imaging system used.

In this case, if you start with 3 mAs and apply a baseline conversion factor of about 4, you would multiply 3 mAs by 4, yielding a result of around 12 mAs. However, considering that the answer indicates 15 as the correct new mAs, it probably suggests that the imaging system or clinical practice